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Joint diseases treatment
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis and occurs when the cartilage between bones breaks down. The onset of OA is usually in middle age, and it is most prevalent in women over the age of 50.
OA causes joint pain, especially in the knees, hips, hands and spine. Pain may increase related to weather and can feel like stiffness, tenderness, swelling. OA can even result in joint deformity and limping. It can be treated with medication, physical therapy and sometimes surgery.
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is caused by the immune system attacking joint linings, known as synovium. The attached synovium become thicker, resulting in joint inflammation and pain and sometimes a low-grade fever and fatigue.
RA usually affects multiple joints and can even cause problems in the eyes, heart or lungs. It usually develops in middle age and affects more women than men. RA is typically treated through a combination of diet, rest, exercise, heat, topical products and supplements.
Gout is a type of arthritis caused by high levels of uric acid in the blood. The acid forms crystals that lodge near joints which leads to painful attacks, most often in the big toe, foot, ankle or knee.
Men are most likely to develop gout. Other risk factors include a family history, obesity, eating lots of red meat, certain kinds of seafood, and drinking sugary drinks. Attacks can be treated with medication such as NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and colchicine.
Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) is caused by the body attacking healthy tissue and can affect the skin, nails, joints and entheses, which are places in the body where ligaments attach to bones.
PsA can result in itchy or painful rashes, swollen fingers or toes and cracked nails. People often have a low-grade fever and fatigue during a flare-up. Both over the counter and prescription drugs are used to treat PsA, and certain physical therapies and exercises can also help.
Ankylosing Spondylitis is a type of axial spondyloarthritis that causes damage to the spine that is visible on an X-ray. It most commonly occurs in the sacroiliac joint, where the spine connects to the pelvis, and causes pain in the lower back, hips, and buttocks.
The onset is typically between 20 and 40 years old, and it is more common in men. The cause is not clear, although it appears to run in families. It is typically treated with NSAIDs and analgesics.
Inflammatory Spondyloarthropathy, also known as spondyloarthritis, is caused when the immune system attacks the spine and sometimes the joints of the arms and legs. The most common symptoms are lower back pain as well as swelling in the arms and legs.
Men are most likely to be affected, especially younger men in their teens and 20s. The symptoms of inflammatory spondyloarthropathy can be treated with NSAIDs and biologic medications. Physical therapy and certain exercises are also recommended.
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is the most common type of arthritis found in children. Caused by the immune system attacking the synovium (joint linings), it results in painful and swollen joints, especially in hands, wrists, elbows, knees and ankles.
Researchers are not sure why certain children develop JIA. While there is no cure, it is possible to achieve remission with early, aggressive treatment. Treatment often includes prescription as well as over the counter drugs such as NSAIDs and analgesics. Some children may benefit from surgery.
